The undergraduate curriculum was a prescribed general course, embracing classics, mathematics, a limited exposure to science and some philosophical texts. This began to change from the s when it became possible to specialise for degrees with honors, or moderatorships, in mathematics, in ethics and logic, and in classics.
In a moderatorship in experimental science was added embracing physics, chemistry and mineralogy at first, and later geology, zoology and botany, which in was split into two moderatorships, natural and experimental science. And new humanities disciplines emerged as moderatorship subjects at the same time — in history and modern literature.
The professional schools were also transformed in the course of the nineteenth century: divinity had been taught since the foundation of the College, but this was now systematised.
The Law School was reorganised, and medical teaching placed on a much stronger footing, helped by the emergence early in the century of a group of medical teachers who gained international eminence notably James Macartney, Robert Graves and William Stokes , practitioners who divided their time between clinical teaching and the lecture theatre. The Engineering School was established in and was one of the first of its kind in the English-speaking world.
Student numbers overall increased in the post-Waterloo generation, and the vibrancy of the institution is evident from the variety of associations and clubs in the city that were dominated by the university. The Dublin University Magazine became one of the most widely circulating monthly reviews in Ireland or Britain, conservative in its politics, highly original in its literary coverage and on occasions quite subversive, not unlike its original College sponsors.
Between and twenty new professorial chairs were founded, and individual scholarship flourished as never before: in mathematics and science William Rowan Hamilton, the Lloyds, George Salmon, George Fitzgerald and John Joly spent most of their working careers based in the College, and in the humanities it was the classicists who led the field in terms of international celebrity.
By the late nineteenth century the College had gone some way to fill the ancient site with an ensemble of academic buildings and recreational facilities, museums and terraces of student residences.
And new buildings to the east of the College Park reflected the increasing importance of science and medicine in College priorities. However purpose-built science laboratories came late; it was thanks primarily to the philanthropy of the Guinness family that some really fine architecture began to grace the East End when the Physics and Botany buildings appeared c.
Behind its high iron railings the Victorian university had become something of a self-contained community, out of sympathy with the increasingly nationalist city and focused on an expanding British empire for opportunities for its graduates. During the sixty-year war of attrition between British governments and the Catholic hierarchy over higher education policy in Ireland, Trinity struggled to accommodate itself to what was a changing Ireland.
Between and a variety of schemes were proposed that would have made the College a member of a federated Irish or Dublin university; these were strenuously and effectively resisted as threats to its independence. As part of this, the College gradually re-positioned itself to become a non-denominational institution: in all religious tests except those connected with the Divinity School were abolished.
Power within the College was slowly changing too. The creation in of the University Council, a body representative of non-fellow professors, gave control over the shaping of courses and appointments to the teaching departments, and in membership of the College Board itself was somewhat widened.
But power remained with the senior fellows until the provostship of Albert McConnell , who managed to widen the collegiate governance of the College and initiate major administrative reform. More momentously, women students became part of the College: admitted for the first time in , within a decade they amounted to 16 per cent of the student body.
In women accounted for more than half of the full-time student body, and have retained that ascendancy ever since. The Easter Rising of had engulfed the College environs, and Trinity was lucky to escape serious physical damage. In the new Free State that emerged after the War of Independence in , Trinity lacked the benign support of government that it had always enjoyed, and the new national administration, financially weak and recovering from civil war, had more pressing priorities.
However, even after they were permitted entry to the college, non-Anglicans were still prohibited from gaining positions of prestige within the university — such as becoming a scholar, fellow or professor — for another 80 years.
Just prior to these rules being removed, the Catholic Church banned Catholics from studying at Trinity in , a ban that lasted until In spite of its connection to the Protestant Reformation in Ireland, several Irish nationalists were Trinity College graduates.
Robert Emmet led another rebellion against British rule in , for which he was executed on charges of high treason. Politician Henry Grattan campaigned for legislative freedom for the Irish Parliament, while the first president of Ireland, Douglas Hyde, was yet another Trinity graduate. The architecture of the university itself reflects the many changes that the city has experienced over the centuries. On graduation day, a celebratory walk under the campanile is a rite of passage.
As a legal deposit library, Trinity is entitled to at least one copy of every book published in Ireland, and can request a copy of any book published in the UK. Many of these volumes are housed in the ornate Old Library.
It was presented to Trinity College in , where it remains for visitors to marvel at today. This act and the events that followed changed the course of Irish history forever. In the modern day, Trinity College Dublin is both a working university, which provides an education to over 17, students, and a tourist attraction that welcomes over two million visitors a year.
Robert Emmet led another rebellion against British rule in , for which he was executed on charges of high treason. Politician Henry Grattan campaigned for legislative freedom for the Irish Parliament, while the first president of Ireland, Douglas Hyde , was yet another Trinity graduate. Trinity College opened up attendance to Catholics in , during the Emancipation. However, even after they were permitted entry to the college, non-Anglicans were still prohibited from gaining positions of prestige within the university — such as becoming a scholar, fellow or professor — for another eighty years.
Just prior to these rules being removed, the Catholic church banned Catholics from studying at Trinity in The ban lasted until On graduation day, a celebratory walk under the campanile is a rite of passage. Another version of the mythical law specifies that said student must be wearing their sword at the time. The library at Trinity is entitled — due to its status as a legal deposit library — to at least one copy of every publication, free of charge, that is published in Ireland.
It is also entitled to any book published in the UK upon request. Established at Trinity in , legal depository status has earned the library a stock of over five million books, mostly held off campus but available to order. Trinity alumni continue to have the right to use this incredible service after graduation. We and our partners use cookies to better understand your needs, improve performance and provide you with personalised content and advertisements.
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